IGM SEROLOGY AGAINST OCTYL-LINKED SYNTHETIC DISACCHARIDE IN HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN

Abstract

Anti-PGL-I (Phenolic Glycolipid-I) serology is a complementary laboratory test for the diagnosis of leprosy used in research. It detects the presence of IgM immunoglobulin specific for the glycolipid found on the surface of M. leprae. For its application, it is important to understand the procedures involved in developing the technique. The aim of this study was to describe the theoretical basis and practice of IgM anti ND-O-HSA serology; to report on the comparison of immunoassays and the main findings regarding the use of the antigen. A bibliographic review was carried out, covering scientific articles published between 2011 and 2023. The searches were conducted in the PubMed and Scielo databases, using descriptors in Portuguese and English related to leprosy and anti-PGL-I serology. The 22 articles selected in this study provide a comprehensive overview of the PGL-I antigen, its interaction with host cells and the structure of the synthetic disaccharide ND-O-HSA. In the discussion of the procedures adopted in the tests presented, disparities were identified in the development of some steps and in the solutions used. In addition, the purposes of each investigation, when using the immunoassay, were outlined, together with the respective conclusions on the use of the synthetic antigen. By using the ND-O-HSA antigen, IgM anti-PGL-I serology is an important tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of leprosy, as it offers a sensitive and specific alternative. However, there are variations in the procedures between the studies reviewed, indicating the need for standardization and further research in this area.